The Influence of Screen Exposure on the Cognitive Development of Children Aged 0 to 3

Abstract

Technological advancements and the increasing accessibility of digital devices have led to children being exposed to screens at an increasingly early age, raising significant concerns regarding the impact on cognitive development and the school environment. This article aims to analyze the influence of screen exposure on the cognitive development milestones of children aged 0 to 3, as well as its repercussions on the learning and socialization processes within the classroom. This study employs a qualitative bibliographic approach, reviewing scientific literature on the subject, including guidelines from health organizations such as the Brazilian Society of Pediatrics (SBP). Findings from the literature indicate that excessive, unmediated screen exposure during early childhood may be associated with delays in neuropsychomotor development, impairing skills such as attention, language, and social interaction. Conversely, moderate and supervised use—focused on educational content and active parental mediation—may offer specific benefits. The study concludes that understanding the risks and implementing preventive strategies are crucial for fostering healthy child development in a digital world. It reinforces the need to adhere to screen-time recommendations and to prioritize face-to-face interactions for the child's holistic development.