Violência Obstétrica no Ciclo Gravídico-Puerperal e o Papel da Enfermagem no Cuidado Humanizado

Abstract

Obstetric violence (OV) has been recognized as a public health problem affecting pregnant women in different contexts, reflecting gender inequalities, weaknesses in health services, and dehumanizing practices in maternal care. Given this scenario, this study aimed to demonstrate the role of nursing in addressing the consequences of OV. The research was conducted using a qualitative, bibliographical approach, with an exploratory and descriptive character, employing the integrative literature review technique, with a time frame between 2001 and 2025, found in the databases Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Google Scholar, CAPES (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel) journals, as well as institutional and specialized collections, such as those of the Ministry of Health, JRG Journals, RSD Journal, and BJICHS. The results obtained in the studies found that obstetric violence occurs through negligence, disrespect for autonomy, non-consensual procedures, and communication failures, harming the pregnant woman's well-being. Such experiences can generate physical pain, emotional trauma, insecurity, difficulties in the maternal bond, and lasting consequences for the woman's health. Based on this context, nursing plays an essential role in preventing these practices through welcoming, active listening, appropriate guidance, and valuing women's protagonism in care. Therefore, the humanization of care, combined with continuous professional training, is fundamental to guaranteeing respect, safety, and autonomy for pregnant women, as well as contributing to the improvement of obstetric care.