Predictors of Success During Ventilatory Weanning in Neonates: An Integrative Review

Abstract

Intercurrences and failures in the mechanical ventilation extubation process and the predictors of successful weaning in newborns are directly linked to some factors, such as: APGAR score, gestational age, birth weight and length of stay in the intensive care unit. Given that prematurity is a period of great neonatal fragility and mechanical ventilation directly impacts the survival and health of newborns, the risk of mortality and complications associated with failure to wean from mechanical ventilation is a reason for attention for health professionals. In view of the above, conducting weaning at the right time, associated with factors that support success, reduce the risk of complications and possible reintubation. Objective: The purpose of this study is to verify the predictors of success for ventilatory weaning in newborns Methods: This is a research project to carry out a systematic review, covering studies in the last 10 years, using the Cochrane Library, PEDro, PubMed and ScIELO as databases. Filters were applied to select complete articles such as cross-sectional, prospective, retrospective studies carried out with human beings. Methodological quality and biases were assessed using the PEDro database scale, which considers a total of 11 items, 10 of which are scored, aiming to establish the quality of scientific evidence. Conclusion: It is concluded that mechanical ventilation is a resource of great importance for the survival of patients within an Intensive Care Unit and that the weaning process is a specific action aimed at the relevant role that physiotherapy effectively plays in ventilatory weaning in a neonatal intensive care unit. Thus, this unprecedented study highlighted different predictors related to extubation success, providing an interesting evidence analysis strategy to guide health professionals in extubating premature babies, thus reducing the variability of results and the risk of failure.