Motivations for Enterpriseship: Necessity and Opportunity

Abstract

Entrepreneurship is the process of creating, developing and managing a business, taking financial and personal risks. It can be classified into two main types: entrepreneurship by necessity and entrepreneurship by opportunity. The high rate of new entrepreneurs that emerge each year has driven several studies on this topic. Thus, this study aimed to point out the factors that act as incentives to undertake and the relationship of entrepreneurship by opportunity or necessity. For that, the following problem was outlined: What are the motivations for entrepreneurship? What is necessity and opportunity entrepreneurship? A systematic literature review was carried out to promote a basic, exploratory and qualitative study based on scientific articles and other scientific-academic productions in the database of the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES), in the period of 2012 to 2022. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 10 publications were selected. It was observed that, in recent years, there are still few publications involving the subject. The results indicate that the reasons for undertaking go beyond the binary logic of opportunity versus need, including: opportunity, personal achievements, job dissatisfaction, lack of opportunity in the job market, family and external influence. Thus, both need-based motivation and opportunity-driven motivation can lead to successful entrepreneurship, as long as you are prepared to do so.